Digitalization is radically transforming the logistics and freight transport sector, leading to a significant evolution of traditional processes. However, this transition still presents several challenges. One of the main issues concerns the large number of small enterprises operating in the sector, which often remain excluded from digitalization processes due to a lack of financial resources and limited knowledge of available technologies. Moreover, establishing common standards for data connectivity and interoperability among different supply chain players remains a complex objective to achieve.
Despite the signing of the eCMR protocol by numerous stakeholders, paper documentation continues to be widely used, slowing down processes and limiting the benefits of digitalization. Another significant obstacle has been the failure of various public initiatives aimed at creating large digital platforms for the logistics sector. Despite substantial investments, these projects have not produced tangible market impacts. Consequently, the sector is increasingly adopting an approach based on the federation of public and private platforms, which share common communication standards to ensure a more efficient and interconnected digital ecosystem.
A striking example of this transformation can be seen in the import operations of steel products at ports, involving multiple actors and intermediaries.
In the traditional system, the flow of information passes through numerous intermediaries, including shipping companies, terminal operators, port warehouses, independent transporters, and end customers. Additionally, third-party logistics operators (3PL), freight forwarders, and customs brokers play a supporting role in transport operations. One of the main issues with this system is the repetition of information, which increases the risk of errors and delays. For example, the simple communication of a truck’s license plate involved in transport is repeated multiple times, extending processing times and increasing the risk of data discrepancies.
With the introduction of digitalization, these processes can be significantly streamlined. The adoption of computerized systems eliminates information duplication and facilitates direct communication between the involved parties. A more efficient model suggests that the transporter communicates directly with the port warehouse without the need for intermediary steps, thereby reducing errors and optimizing delivery times.
Several technological solutions are already available to enable this transformation. Companies can rely on ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems for managing operational activities, while warehouses use WMS (Warehouse Management System) for coordinating storage operations. Ground transporters use TMS (Transport Management System), port terminals adopt TOS (Terminal Operating System), and ports rely on PCS (Port Community System) for managing traffic and documentation. Maritime tracking has also been digitalized through AIS (Automatic Identification System), which enables precise vessel monitoring.
The economic impact of this evolution is significant. Traditionally, logistics has been considered a mere cost factor, leading to increasing outsourcing of services. However, the excessive fragmentation of responsibilities and the presence of multiple levels of subcontracting have made the system inefficient, causing delays and additional costs. The introduction of digital tools helps overcome these obstacles, promoting a more sustainable and efficient supply chain model.
Digitalization reduces dependence on intermediaries, improves communication between service providers, and facilitates a more direct flow of information. This change frees up valuable resources for logistics operators, allowing them to develop new services and focus on core activities. Additionally, improved operational efficiency results in higher satisfaction for both end customers and service providers.
In the future, digitalization will continue to play a key role in transforming logistics and freight transport. The main challenge will be to effectively integrate existing information systems, creating a connected ecosystem free from inefficiencies. In this context, data sharing and horizontal cooperation between companies will be essential, promoting real-time information exchange and resource optimization. A leaner and more digital process not only improves productivity but also highlights how time savings directly translate into cost savings, making the entire supply chain more competitive and economically sustainable.
GRUBER LOGISTICS is heavily investing in digitalization, actively participating in national and European projects aimed at accelerating the digital transformation of logistics. This commitment is not solely for economic interests, but more importantly, to provide a better service to customers, ensuring greater efficiency, transparency, and quality in logistics operations.
